How to choose a puppy 怎样挑选一只高品质的高加索幼犬

大侠若尘

原文

How to choose a puppy
7 E% M" c- o! l, }If you are concerned about the quality of a dog then you should choose a puppy of Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) only in a dog breeding club or a kennel. It is useful to make sure that the club or a kennel is registered in the Russian Cynology Federation or the Russian Central attack-dog breeding. All organizations included in these establishments must have the license for breeding. In this case the documents of the puppy are valid in Russia and abroad. When buying a puppy of Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) it is recommended to make sure what kind of a dog you need - a pure-bred guard dog or you dream about a new champion, about the breed work. Beginners are wrong when they think that if they buy a pedigree puppy of Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) they get a ready champion. To choose a dog for breeding and exhibitions you have to take into account its ancestors. Come to big exhibitions like National, Russia, Eurasia. Among the prize-winners and champions choose a male dog or a female sire, for only from best dogs are born champions and winners. There can be no wonders, everything is handed down. So now the choice is made.

! f4 g4 S: C7 g. H- T9 x/ wThen you have a choice: a male or a female? The male is generally bigger and stronger than a female but *****es also may by rather big and pretty.

If you have children in the family, it is better to have a female. She is easier to train, has a gentle personality and owing to maternal instinct is affectionate to children. Yet, her guarding characteristics and alertness to strangers are as good as those of a male.
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Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) males should be bred by an experienced dog-breeder or the one who used to have other breeds males, knowing their anxiety and problems, also taking into account its innate fighting characteristics. Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) is very strong and willed so the males generally refuse to obey to weak and inexperienced owners. The male is always trying to become a leader and if he feels he is a leader there can be no training. And an uncontrollable dog is a danger at the home - to the family, in the street - to people and pets. So when buying a male puppy you should think twice and make sure you have enough will and patience to be a leader to your dog. The law is: the stronger one is the right one. The strongest one is the leader. You should not forget that dogs take you not as humans but as the same brothers as they are.
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7 D% U" U; y/ b$ O: JYou should buy a puppy in the age of 45 days. It is necessary to tell the dog breeder the purpose you buy a dog so he can help you to sort out a suitable puppy. The breeder must thoroughly advise you on all the aspects of feeding, training and keeping the puppy. By the moment of purchase the puppy must have been vaccinated. The confirmation of this is the International veterinary passport; there should be marks about the terms and kinds of vaccination. The numbers must coincide and the first three letters be registered. If the puppy of Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) is not vaccinated you are risking to lose it in the very first days after purchase. Without the vaccination the probability of death is 80%. Vaccinated puppies die very seldom, if they fall ill anyway, the clinical course of the disease is light and is cured with no problems. No vaccine can give a 100% guarantee that your puppy will not fall ill but it will certainly help to avoid acute diseases. Only the proper keeping, care and timely vaccination will ensure the good health of your dog.

The dog breeder's advise: choose an active puppy, with a good appetite.

The puppy of Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) must not have a big stomach and wry legs. You should not take advise from people who are not specialists in breeding and upbringing of dogs. When needed you should consult the dog breeding club specialists, and in case of a disease - the veterinary. Possible neglecting in development of a young dog may lead to unwanted hard to remove of irremovable defects.
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0 i" m- {9 V" N- E# B7 r6 n' AWe must remind again that when you buy a super-dog from champions, no breeder can guarantee 100% that you dog will be as good or better. You are going to development him up yourself, and of course, an experienced breeder or specialist can help you in this. One can be reputed as an experienced breeder or specialist if he has a long practice in development of puppies and as a result having champion dogs, exhibition stars bred and trained by him. You should not take advice from the dog breeders, who buy already grown up dogs and do not have their own experience in puppies' growing and they haven't bred a champion dog.
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! v, v( e- i. IThere are many who praise their dogs not having shown it at exhibitions. Do not trust such breeders, because they obviously have reasons not to show. Only making comparison at exhibitions one can make sure about advantages or disadvantages of a dog. Even when the judge is not fair -comparison reveals it all anyway.

Neither should you listen to specialists who engage in other breeds, as every breed has its personality.

Unfortunately, the veterinaries can not be advisors on growing of puppies of Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) either as they are educated on farm animals and seldom have their own dogs. Though there are exceptions.

- ~* k* `7 r8 }3 F/ |1 K5 aThe best thing is to consult a breeder or a specialist on this particular breed. When there is need of veterinary help, the breeder will recommend you what doctor to consult.

1 @% P) g% R* \* h) e7 q3 k/ xThere are cases when the owners go to the veterinaries with limping or rachitic puppies which cause joint dysplasia. Instead of treating those doctors tell owners that they bought a puppy with an inborn joint dysplasia. I believe that doctors do not have a right to diagnose congenital malformation when the owner comes to him some time after the purchase. The cause of such disease can be an injury, improper use of additional mineral forage (or its absence), bad feeding, confined keeping, accelerative forces, etc. It is obvious that all congenital malformation can be seen with a bare eye in the age of 1,5 months. Such dogs have the same legs as those dogs who were improperly raised. All congenital malformation puppies are rejected. They don't get documents. Inborn rachitis is well cured with a proper balanced feeding using additional mineral forage. Rachitis can not be cured with a grown dog as distorted bones can be improved in the period of raising only.

Inborn or acquired dysplasia can be stopped with the help of special medicines and additional mineral forage on the initial stage.
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: l; M# Q9 b8 [7 T" A* lMost common acquired dysplasia due to trauma or rachitis reveals itself in the age of 6 months and older. It appears in limping or joint deformation.

Bones and ligaments of the big breed puppies of Caucasian Mountain dog (Caucasian ovcharka, Shepherd dog, Sheepdog, Kavkazskaya ovcharka) carry a bigger weight because of the fast body weight gaining. Big breed puppies gain 50 to 100 kg or more in the first 1.5 year. For instance, a human gains such weight in the course of 18 years. That why with people dysplasia reveals because of injuries, excessive weight or old age, when the joints get old. The same is true with aged dogs and dogs that have been working hard or suffered excessive load on joints (sport, hunt, fighting, etc.).

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. v3 K; n8 s; y2 _' Z8 F英文材料来源 沃罗涅日vbo官方网址 由网民红星闪闪译

http://vbocaucasian.com/how-to-choose-a-puppy.html

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如何挑选高品质高加索幼犬
如果你想拥有一条高品质的高加索幼犬,我建议你最好到正规的犬舍或者繁育俱乐部挑选幼犬.与此同时,你也很有必要了解一下这些俱乐部或者犬舍是否在RCF(Russian Cynology Federation)或者是Russian Central Attack-dog Breeding(这是个什么组织,根据字面意思理解是"俄罗斯猛犬繁育中心)登记注册.所有这些组织的下属犬舍都有繁育许可证,因此,这样的幼犬的各项相关资料和档案才能够被俄罗斯国内和全世界所认可.当你想拥有一条高加索幼犬时,你需要仔细考虑一下,你需要一条什么样的狗:是一条血统纯正的护卫犬,还是一条你所梦想拥有未来冠军.新手通常会错误的认为,拥有了一条冠军血统的幼犬,就等同于拥有了一条冠军犬.如果你是想挑选一条用来繁殖的种犬,那你首先需要注重它的血统,通过参加一些俄罗斯范围或者欧洲范围内的犬展,挑选那些获奖的或者干脆就是冠军的血统.这样,选择种犬的工作才算得上圆满和完美.
1 E4 ]; V! W  B+ K. N  _      现在,也许已经开始考虑你的选择了:公犬还是母犬?总的来说,虽然通常公犬都比较的高大威猛,但是,母犬与其相比也丝毫不逊色.如果你的家里有小孩,那母犬也许是更好的选择,因为它通常较为温顺驯服,而且与生具来的母性使得它更加容易与孩子相处.与此同时,它的护卫性和警惕性也丝毫不亚于一条公犬.至于公犬,其饲养者最好富有饲养猛犬的经验,并且了解一条公犬的个性和凶猛的性格.一般来说,高加索犬强壮的身体和坚定的意志使得公犬通常很难服从一个软弱无力并且经验缺乏的主人.公犬经常试图成为一个主导者,一旦它认为自己已经是主导者,那就很难寻去训练它的服从性了.一条难于控制的高加索犬,无论是对于家里或者外界的人和其他的宠物,都是非常危险的.因此,在拥有一条高加索犬之前,你一定要再三考虑你是否有足够的意志和耐心去调教你的狗,使它真正认可你这个主人.与它相处的原则是:强大的才是正确的,最强大的那个才是主宰者.你需要铭记的是:让你的狗把你当成主人,而不是同类.
( I7 F0 y% z- L! Z( n; S' c      你需要购买的是出生至少45天以上的幼犬.同时,有必要让繁育者了解你买狗的目的,因为那有助于你挑选一条合适的幼犬.繁育者也必须全面的使你了解各方面的饲养知识:比如喂养,训练等方面.待售的幼犬通常都必须接种疫苗,并且有国际通用的疫苗接种证书,这能够证明幼犬已经做过相应的三次疫苗接种.一条没有接种过疫苗的幼犬通常会在你购买后的五天之内开始发病并最终导致死亡,因为没有接种过疫苗的幼犬的死亡率通常会超过80%,而接种过疫苗的幼犬的死亡现象则非常少见.即使它们染是什么疾病,治疗起来也会比较容易,对幼犬的成长方面的影响也会比较小.但是,没有人能够100%保证幼犬不会患病.这只能通过恰当的饲养和定时的接种疫苗来避免.
% K0 [4 ^4 v4 I, v       繁育者的建议:挑选一条食欲旺盛并且活泼好动的幼犬.
% T# K' q  p  j! _6 `" D      一条高加索幼犬不能腹部下垂(这里有点疑问,原文是big stomach,直接翻译的意思是:大的胃)和四肢扭曲.你不能听信那些没有饲养经验的所谓专家和狗贩子的建议,而是应该从那些富有经验的繁育者那里得到各方面的建议和帮助.忽视这些将会给你的狗的成长造成不可预料的影响和无法改变的缺陷.
- V: J& R$ |+ k2 ?: Z- D       同时,我们需要提醒各位的是,即便你购买了一条冠军犬的后代,但是,没有一个繁育者敢保证你的狗将来会象它的父母一样优秀乃至超出.后天的饲养工作的主导者是你自己,当然,那些有经验的繁育者或专家可以在这方面给你一些必要的建议和帮助------比如,那些著名的,有着实际经验的冠军犬和繁殖出名贵血统繁育者.因为他们给你的建议是出自他们的宝贵实践经验的积累.有一部分繁育者,他们只是购买成年犬,没有自己的培育冠军犬的经验,因此,他们的建议没有什么值得采纳的.有那么一些人经常夸耀他们的狗,但是他们的狗却从来没有参加过任何的比赛和犬展,因此,他们的经验不足以信,因为如果他们的狗真的足够好的话,那么他们没有任何理由不参加比赛和犬展.只有通过比赛和犬展中的相互比较,才能确认一条狗的优点和缺点----即便裁判不公正,但是,狗的相互间的对比可以说明一切.
  很不幸的是,兽医通常不能就高加索犬的成长给你很好的建议,因为,他们接受的教育注定了他们所熟悉的对象是那些家畜,而不是狗.当然,也有例外的情况.
  比较好的建议是咨询那些繁育者和有实际饲养经验的专家,当有你免疫方面的问题时,繁育者们才会推荐你去咨询兽医.
! _7 v: L$ L$ T  a/ z, B2 g0 ~  通常情况下,很多人在幼犬有关节发育不良而导致跛行或者佝偻病迹象时,去咨询兽医.而事实却是他们对幼犬是否是先天关节发育不良并不能做出确切的诊断.我认为,当狗主人买了狗并去兽医那里求医时,那些兽医并没有权力去断定这条狗是天生的关节发育不良.很多时候,意外的受伤,微量元素补充的不均衡,糟糕的饲养,狭小的饲养空间或者其他方面的饲养问题才是造成这种现象的根本原因.先天发育不良的幼犬,在大约1.5个月时就能很明显的被发现并被禁止出售和拥有血统证书.因为,它们和健康的幼犬有很明显的不同之处.先天性的发育不良可以通过后天的补充微量元素和良好的饲养来弥补,但是,成年犬的发育不良不会象一只处在生长期的幼犬那样容易被矫治.
6 z' C/ c7 z% V% Q* x  先天的发育不良在初始阶段可以通过医疗技术手段和补充微量元素的手段来弥补,但是,大多数这样的症状都是在6个月以后才开始逐渐显露(好象和前面的有点出入啊),具体症状就是步履蹒跚而且关节变形.

  q" _) s/ S$ ^: v# J  骨骼和韧带的发育对于大型犬幼犬的成长非常重要,因为在生长时期,快速增加的体重需要骨骼和韧带来支撑.大型犬的幼犬在最初1.5年里可以增长50KG-100KG的体重,而人类却需要18年来获得同样的体重.这就是为什么人类的关节异常总是伴随着各种意外受伤,年龄与体重的增加,以及年龄的增长而出现.对于狗来说,当它们过度疲劳(诸如运动狩猎等),过度负重而造成身体机能严重下降时,同样的事情也会发生在他们身上.

SHJX

在别的网页上曾看到过这个贴子. 原文内容与题目不太吻合. 开始讲了一点前提和原则, 后来跑题了, 去讲育犬问题了. 对高友有用的是, 面对一窝已知父母的幼犬, 具体如何择优选一条好的幼犬. 比如何时才可选犬, 哪些因素是最重要的, 有哪些甄别方法.

阿德

霹雳火

顶   学习了。。。。。。。。

志军

2月龄看父母资料也得看同父母的后代情况，逐渐的每一只幼犬的习性 ，特点 我们也要给大家介绍下